Akwai nau'in abinci, wanda ke ɗaukar abinci na yau da kullun a matsayin ɗanyen abu kuma ya bambanta da nau'in abinci na yau da kullun. Yana wanzuwa a cikin nau'in foda, ruwa, da dai sauransu. Kamar madara foda da furotin foda, ana iya ciyar da shi ta baki ko ta hanci kuma za'a iya narkar da shi cikin sauƙi ko sha ba tare da narkewa ba. Ana kiransa "abinci na tsari don dalilai na likita na musamman", wato, yanzu muna amfani da ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki a asibiti.
1. Menene abinci mai gina jiki?
Abinci mai gina jiki (EN) yanayin tallafi ne na abinci mai gina jiki wanda ke ba da abinci iri-iri ga jiki ta hanyar gastrointestinal fili don saduwa da bukatun ilimin lissafi da cututtukan jiki. Fa'idodinsa shine cewa ana amfani da sinadirai kai tsaye kuma ana amfani da su ta cikin hanji, wanda ya fi ilimin ilimin lissafi, dacewa don gudanarwa, da ƙarancin farashi. Hakanan yana da taimako don kiyaye mutuncin tsarin mucosa na hanji da aikin shinge.
2. Wadanne yanayi ne ke buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki?
Duk marasa lafiya da alamomi don tallafin abinci mai gina jiki da aiki da kuma samuwa na gastrointestinal tract zasu iya samun tallafin abinci mai gina jiki, ciki har da dysphagia da mastication; Rashin iya cin abinci saboda tada hankali ko rashin lafiya; Tsayayyen lokaci na cututtuka na tsarin narkewa, irin su fistula na ciki, gajeriyar ciwon hanji, cututtukan hanji mai kumburi da pancreatitis; Halin hypercatabolic, irin su marasa lafiya da kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani, tiyata, rauni da ƙonawa mai yawa. Haka kuma akwai cututtuka masu saurin cinyewa, kamar su tarin fuka, ciwon tumo, da sauransu; Tallafin abinci mai gina jiki na gaba da aiki; Adjuvant jiyya na ƙari chemotherapy da radiotherapy; Taimakon abinci mai gina jiki don ƙonawa da rauni; Hanta da gazawar koda; Cutar cututtukan zuciya; Lalacewar haifuwa na amino acid metabolism; Ƙarin ko canji na abinci mai gina jiki na parenteral.
3. Menene rarrabuwa na abinci mai gina jiki?
A gun taron karawa juna sani na farko dangane da rabe-raben shirye-shiryen abinci mai gina jiki na ciki, reshen kungiyar likitocin kasar Sin reshen Beijing ya ba da shawarar yadda ya kamata a kebe shirye-shiryen abinci mai gina jiki a ciki, tare da ba da shawarar raba shirye-shiryen abinci mai gina jiki zuwa nau'i uku, wato nau'in amino acid, nau'in furotin gaba daya da nau'in sinadaran. Amino acid matrix monomer ne, gami da amino acid ko gajeriyar peptide, glucose, mai, ma'adinai da cakuda bitamin. Ya dace da marasa lafiya da rashin narkewar gastrointestinal da aikin sha, amma yana da ɗanɗano mara kyau kuma ya dace da ciyar da hanci. Duk nau'in sunadaran suna amfani da furotin gabaɗaya ko furotin kyauta azaman tushen nitrogen. Ya dace da marasa lafiya tare da al'ada ko kusa da aikin gastrointestinal na al'ada. Yana da dandano mai kyau, kuma ana iya sha da baki ko kuma a ba shi ta hanci. Nau'in na'ura ya haɗa da bangaren amino acid, ɗan gajeren peptide, ɓangaren furotin gabaɗaya, bangaren carbohydrate, bangaren dogon sarkar triglyceride (LCT), bangaren triglyceride (MCT), matsakaicin dogon sarkar triglyceride (MCT), bangaren bitamin, da sauransu, waɗanda galibi ana amfani da su azaman kari ko ƙarfafa don daidaita abinci mai gina jiki.
4. Ta yaya marasa lafiya ke zaɓar abinci mai gina jiki?
Marasa lafiya na Nephrotic sun ƙara yawan amfani da furotin kuma suna da haɗari ga ma'aunin nitrogen mara kyau, suna buƙatar ƙarancin furotin da shirye-shiryen wadatar amino acid. Shirye-shiryen abinci mai gina jiki na nau'in cututtukan koda yana da wadata a cikin mahimman amino acid, ƙananan abun ciki na furotin, ƙarancin sodium da potassium, wanda zai iya rage nauyi a kan koda yadda ya kamata.
Metabolism na amino acid aromatic, tryptophan, methionine, da dai sauransu a cikin marasa lafiya tare da aikin hanta mai rauni yana toshewa, amino acid ɗin da aka reshe yana raguwa, kuma amino acid ɗin ƙamshi yana ƙaruwa. Duk da haka, sarkar amino acid da aka reshe suna daidaita su ta hanyar tsokoki, waɗanda ba su ƙara nauyi a kan hanta, kuma suna iya yin gogayya da amino acid na ƙamshi don shiga shingen kwakwalwar jini, inganta cututtukan hanta da kwakwalwa. Saboda haka, sarkar amino acid na iya lissafin fiye da 35% ~ 40% na jimlar amino acid a cikin nau'in cututtukan hanta.
Bayan konewa mai tsanani, zafin jikin mai haƙuri ya tashi, ana fitar da kwayoyin hormones da abubuwan kumburi da yawa, kuma jiki yana cikin yanayin haɓaka mai yawa. Ban da rauni, hanji yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan gabobin da ke da haɓakar haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta. Saboda haka, ƙona abinci mai gina jiki ya kamata ya ƙunshi furotin mai girma, makamashi mai ƙarfi da mai sauƙin narkewa tare da ƙarancin ruwa.
Shirye-shiryen abinci mai gina jiki na ciki don marasa lafiya da cututtukan huhu ya kamata su sami babban abun ciki mai yawa, ƙananan abun ciki na carbohydrate, da abun ciki na furotin kawai don kiyaye nama mai laushi da anabolism, don inganta aikin numfashi.
Saboda tasirin chemotherapy, yanayin abinci mai gina jiki da aikin rigakafi na marasa lafiya tare da ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayar cuta ba su da kyau, kuma ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta tana amfani da ƙananan mai. Don haka, ya kamata a zaɓi shirye-shiryen abinci mai gina jiki tare da mai mai yawa, furotin mai yawa, makamashi mai ƙarfi da ƙarancin carbohydrate, wanda aka ƙara glutamine, arginine, MTC da sauran abubuwan gina jiki na rigakafi.
Carbohydrates a cikin shirye-shiryen abinci mai gina jiki don masu ciwon sukari ya kamata su kasance oligosaccharides ko polysaccharides, da isasshen fiber na abinci, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga raguwar ƙimar da girman hauhawar sukarin jini.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba 14-2022